With
the eviction of the Hyksos rulers from
Egypt, by the armies of the Eighteenth
dynasty, Thebes, where the victors were
based, became the most important city,
and so Amun became nationally important.
To Amun the Pharaohs attributed all their
successful enterprises, and on his temples
they lavished their wealth and captured
spoil. And so, when the Greeks reported
back on their visits to Egypt, Amun, as
king of the gods, became identified by
the Greeks with Zeus, and so his consort
Mut with Hera. As the Egyptians considered
themselves opressed during the period
of Hyksos rule, the victory under the
supreme god Amun, was seen as his championing
of the underdog. Consequently, Amun was
viewed as upholding the rights to justice
of the poor, being titled Vizier of the
poor, and aiding those who travelled in
his name, as the protector of the road.
Since he upheld Ma'at, those who prayed
to Amun were required first to demonstrate
that they were worthy, by confessing their
sins.
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